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Branchiootorenal dysplasia

BOR syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder that variably involves developmental defects of ear, brachial arches, and kidney. The disease is caused by mutations in two functionally related genes EYA1 and SIX5.

Epidemiology

Incidence of BOR syndrome is estimates 1 in 40,000, which includes both forms wheras BOR1 holds the major share.[Error: Macro 'ref' doesn't exist]

Clinical Findings

Clinical presentation of BOR syndrome is variable. Hearing loss may be sensorineural, conductive, or mixed and is caused by outer, middle, or inner ear anomaly. Branchial fistulas or cysts can be present. Distubances in lacrimation may occur as a result of aberrant innervation. Renal dysplasias vary from normal to severe functional disturbances the manifest antenatally already by oligohydramnios.

Symptoms

Deafness
Branchiootorenal dysplasia deafness is of a mixed (conductive and sensorineural) type because of malformations (atresia to stenosis) of the external auditory canal and nderdeveloped cochlea and semicircular canals, respectively.

Systematic

Congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract
Acro-renal-ocular syndrome
Aplasia of lacrimal and salivary glands
Autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome 1
Autosomal recessive Robinow syndrome
BMP7
BNAR syndrome
Brain malformations with urinary tract defects
Branchio-oculo-facial syndrome
Branchiootic syndrome
Branchiootorenal dysplasia
Branchiootorenal dysplasia 1
EYA1
Branchiootorenal dysplasia 2
SIX5
SIX2
Townes-Brocks branchiootorenal-like syndrome
SALL1
CHARGE syndrome
CHD1L
Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract 1
Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract 2
Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with anosmia 1
Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism without anosmia 5
Denys-Drash syndrome
Fraser syndrome
Frasier syndrome
Goldberg-Shprintzen syndrome
IVIC syndrome
Ivemark syndrome
Kabuki syndrome
Lacrimoauriculodentodigital syndrome
Mowat-Wilson syndrome
Papillorenal syndrome
Renal cysts and diabetes (RCAD)
Renal dysplasia with hypopituitarism and diabetes
Renal hypodysplasia/aplasia
Renal tubular dysgenesis
SERKAL syndrome
Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome
Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome
Somatic nephroblastoma
Susceptibility to cystic renal dysplasia
Syndromic microphthalmia 6
Urofacial syndrome
Vesicoureteral reflux
WAGR syndrome

References:

1.

Melnick M et al. (1976) Familial branchio-oto-renal dysplasia: a new addition to the branchial arch syndromes.

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2.

Chang EH et al. (2004) Branchio-oto-renal syndrome: the mutation spectrum in EYA1 and its phenotypic consequences.

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3.

Fraser FC et al. (1978) Genetic aspects of the BOR syndrome--branchial fistulas, ear pits, hearing loss, and renal anomalies.

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4.

Cremers CW et al. (1980) The earpits-deafness syndrome. Clinical and genetic aspects.

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5.

Fraser FC et al. (1980) Frequency of the branchio-oto-renal (BOR) syndrome in children with profound hearing loss.

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6.

Abdelhak S et al. (1997) Clustering of mutations responsible for branchio-oto-renal (BOR) syndrome in the eyes absent homologous region (eyaHR) of EYA1.

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7.

Orphanet article

Orphanet ID 107 external link
8.

Wikipedia article

Wikipedia EN (Branchio-oto-renal_syndrome) external link
Update: Aug. 14, 2020
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